Modern Ideologies and Political Philosophy
By: Krisna Mendoza
What is ideology? Is a set of ideas
about politics, all of which are related to one another and that modify and
support each other. Ideology helps people to make sense reasonably easily and
quickly of the varied political question that come to our attention. The three
great ideologies developed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in Europe
and they are: Liberalism, Conservatism, and Socialism; and after the World War
I, fascism appears.
It all started in 1789 with the French
revolution and the Enlightment. The first ideology that arose was Liberalism
that is a political philosophy of liberty and equality. When they saw that
Liberalism was not working it was when conservatism arose. Many ideologies are
based on the European Liberalism but they have different ideas to govern a
country.
Conservatives means to preserve what has
already been established and is an ideology that accepts and welcomed new
power. The difference between liberalism and conservatism is that liberals has
individualism and power is suspect and conservatism has values of community and
old power structures and is benevolence that means “ power is good”, they help
community like elders because they know they are very helpful to society,
because they are intellectual and have wisdom so they help them.
When the industrial revolution was
established new ideologies start to arose and here it’s when it appear Marxist
ideas of making a change in economy and ways of governing, he gave the idea of
the government having all the power in a country. An example will be China and
Venezuela. When the USSR start to appear Socialism and Communism separated and
have the same ideas but socialist were more democrats and communist are more
revolutionaries.
The fourth political power to arise
was fascism that it was popular movement with the end of World War I; they
became popular especially in Germany with Adolf Hitler because after the World
War I the country was a disaster and with Hitler with all the power the country
succeed. Fascism is the idea of been govern with violence, and have a hostile
way of looking to the church.
Not at days in the 20 centuries is a
new movement called Neo- Liberalism that has a government that is less involved
and they have these idea called free marquet. With the end of the USSR and the
fall of the Berlin wall, so as called the end of the cold war, globalization
appeared and it was a way to interconnect all the world and increase private
companies. In the 20 centuries new issues are exposed like feminism, environmentalism,
life style that it could be spontaneous or free, and immigration that is a big
problem in the border between Mexico and USA.
In the 20 century all the ideologies have
change in a way especially American ideology. American liberalism and
conservatism are more concerned about inequality; they are more inclined to use
power of the government to make conditions for people be more equal, they are
less interest in controlling values they make decision when body and mind are
involved and they have more government involvement. The conservatism is less
concerned about inequality they are willing to see larger government; they use traditions
values port of politics decisions legislate values behavior and they are less government
involvement.
The ideologies through time have change a
lot but they are based on the European Liberalism. All ideologies have
different concerns and different ways of governing a country. The ideologies
are ideas about politics and modify and support each other. Ideology helps us
to make sense reasonably easily and quickly of the varied political questions
that come to our attention.
